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The PEN-SW(W) is suitable for measuring the concentration of salt in water. The unit of measurement is in g/100g.

Brine is a high-concentration solution of salt (NaCl) in water (H₂O). In different contexts, brine may refer to salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% (a typical concentration of seawater, on the lower end of solutions used for brining foods) up to about 26% (a typical saturated solution, depending on temperature). 

 The PEN-SW(WV) suitable for measuring the concentration of salt in water. The unit of measurement is in g/100mL.

Brine is a high-concentration solution of salt (NaCl) in water (H₂O). In different contexts, brine may refer to salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% (a typical concentration of seawater, on the lower end of solutions used for brining foods) up to about 26% (a typical saturated solution, depending on temperature). 

"Dip," "touch," "stir!" The simple and convenient measurement methods of the PEN Series now include a unit equipped with the Baume scale. The tip (sample stage & prism head) of the PEN is made out of SUS316, making it highly resistant to corrosive, salty samples.

The PEN-Ethanol(V) is suitable for measuring ethyl alcohol concentrations.The displayed unit is in mL/100mL.

Ethanol (abbr. EtOH; also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound. It is an alcohol with the chemical formula C2H6O. Its formula can be also written as CH3−CH2−OH or C2H5OH (an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group). Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic wine-like odor and pungent taste.[11][12] It is a psychoactive recreational drug, the active ingredient in alcoholic drinks.

The PEN-Ethanol(W) is suitable for measuring ethyl alcohol concentrations.The displayed unit is in g/100g.

Ethanol (abbr. EtOH; also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound. It is an alcohol with the chemical formula C2H6O. Its formula can be also written as CH3−CH2−OH or C2H5OH (an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group). Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic wine-like odor and pungent taste.[11][12] It is a psychoactive recreational drug, the active ingredient in alcoholic drinks.

For approximate water content of dried fruits
This measures in Brix and displays (100-Brix)% for approximate water content.Halve a piece of dried fruit and press the prism on the cut side.

The Digital Hand-Held Urine Specific Gravity "Pen" Refractometer PEN-URINE S.G. utilizes the refractive index method to measure the specific gravity of urine. The PEN type refractometer is extremely easy to use. There are 2 ways to measure the sample : Dip the tip into the sample and press the START key OR press the START key and touch the tip into the sample.

A urine concentration test provides the specific gravity of your urine. This measures your kidneys’ ability to balance water content and excrete waste. It is important in diagnosing some health conditions that impact water content in your urine.

By popular demand, ATAGO is proud to release the new PEN-HARVEST. The one-of-a-kind PEN "Dip-Type" Refractometer now comes in a measurement range of 0.0-33.0% Brix, more attractive pricing, and with all the standard features of the original PEN-PRO. The PEN-HARVEST is ideal for fruits and vegetables, wine must, and single strength juices, as well as other industries where the Brix scale is conventionally used

The PEN-RI has a measurement range of Refractive Index (nD) 1.3200 to 1.5100 which can be used to measure almost any sample.

In optics, the refractive index (or refraction index) of an optical medium is a dimensionless number that gives the indication of the light bending ability of that medium.In optics, the refractive index (or refraction index) of an optical medium is a dimensionless number that gives the indication of the light bending ability of that medium.

 
Illustration of the incidence and refraction anglesRefraction of a light ray The refractive index determines how much the path of light is bent, or refracted, when entering a material. This is described by Snell's law of refraction, n1 sin θ1 = n2 sin θ2, where θ1 and θ2 are the angle of incidence and angle of refraction, respectively, of a ray crossing the interface between two media with refractive indices n1 and n2. The refractive indices also determine the amount of light that is reflected when reaching the interface, as well as the critical angle for total internal reflection, their intensity (Fresnel's equations) and Brewster's angle

The refractive index can be seen as the factor by which the speed and the wavelength of the radiation are reduced with respect to their vacuum values: the speed of light in a medium is v = c/n, and similarly the wavelength in that medium is λ = λ0/n, where λ0 is the wavelength of that light in vacuum. This implies that vacuum has a refractive index of 1, and assumes that the frequency (f = v/λ) of the wave is not affected by the refractive index.

The refractive index may vary with wavelength. This causes white light to split into constituent colors when refracted. This is called dispersion. This effect can be observed in prisms and rainbows, and as chromatic aberration in lenses. Light propagation in absorbing materials can be described using a complex-valued refractive index.[2] The imaginary part then handles the attenuation, while the real part accounts for refraction. For most materials the refractive index changes with wavelength by several percent across the visible spectrum. Nevertheless, refractive indices for materials are commonly reported using a single value for n, typically